Endurance

    Endurance hard red winter wheat was released in 2004 and is widely adapted to Oklahoma.  It will be most competitive in areas challenged by i) intensive and extended grazing through the fall and winter seasons (dual-purpose system), ii) areas with a likelihood of leaf rust or stripe rust infection in adult-plant stages, iii) high soil acidity with aluminum toxicity, and iv) limited rainfall in High Plains environments.  With moderate susceptibility to septoria and tan spot, this variety should not be recommended for limited-tillage applications.

    Endurance will likely appeal to dual-purpose producers who emphasize winter grazing potential and grain production after grazing.  Forage characteristics exhibited from planting until grazing initiation are adequate, but can be enhanced with increased seeding rate or use of starter fertilizer.  Forage regeneration during grazing and canopy redevelopment after grazing are strong attributed.  Grain yield of Endurance is expected to be better than current varieties, especially following grazing.  Test weight is expected to be intermediate to slightly below average, or between Jagger and 2174.  Endurance is a moderately tall semi-dwarf variety, 1-3 inches taller than 2174, heads at the same time as 2174, yet reaches first hollow stem relatively late, and has moderate straw strength - similar to OK101.  Disease responses are: moderately resistant to leaf rust, stripe rust, stem rust, and powdery mildew and moderately susceptible to Septoria and tan spot.  Endurance has intermediate reactions to soilborne mosaic virus, but exhibits moderate susceptibility to spindle streak mosaic virus.

    Moderately large kernel size, high flour extraction, and low flour ash content place Endurance in a desirable category for milling quality.  Dough strength and baking performance rank similar to previously released cultivars with lower (OK101) and higher (2174) protein levels.  Endurance should be suitable for most commercial, large-scale baking operations.

U.S. Protected Variety (PVPA 1994 and Title V) - to be sold by variety name only as a class of certified seed.